
Philosophy as per the Greeks, is ‘the love for
wisdom’. It may or may not have something to do with the existence of
God or religion. It resonates with spirituality.
There have been a lot of schools of thought that answer to what
wisdom may be interpreted as. 13 of these are mentioned in the ‘History
of Philosophy’ Kaggle dataset. These schools of thought have passed down
generations through the words of the ‘philosophers’ that founded them.
Let us learn a little about how they were advocated within different
schools of thought.
We’ll analyze different schools and within the school will determine
whether the authors utilize analogous or dissimilar words to express the
core idea.
So, Lets begin
The School of Analytics
The analytics school places an emphasis on ideas that are logical,
significant, lend credence to a viewpoint, and have a distinct point of
view.
Let’s compare the words that various authors utilized to express
their messages and take a closer look at them.
Author Russel


Author Moore


Author Wittgenstein


Author Lewis


Author Quine


Author Popper


Author Kripke


According to word clouds and sentiment analysis of several authors
from the school of analytics, authors Moore, Lewis, and Popper used
fewer words to describe their thoughts and used these terms more
frequently in comparison to other authors. Despite the fact that each
author was trying to convey the same topic, their writing styles and
word choices diverged.
With the exception of Quine, Popper, and Kripke, who utilized more
positive words, all authors’ opinions are equally balanced in terms of
positive and negative sentiment.
The School of Rationalism
The school of rationalism believes that knowledge is tested by
reasoning.
Author Spinoza


Author Leibniz


Author Descartes


Author Malebranche


Authors Descartes, Malebranche, and Spinoza all have writing styles
that are quite evenly dispersed in the word cloud above. They primarily
used words like “god,” “nature,” “mind,” “idea,” and “body” to portray
their concepts in support that life is based on reason and intuition
rather than emotions and beliefs. While Leibniz primarily expressed
these ideas by using the word “god.”
To highlight that our comprehension of the truth is obtained without
sensory perception, Descartes used more positive adjectives while
Malebranche used more negative ones.
The School of Capitalism
The fundamental tenet of the school of capitalism is the pursuit of
profit.
Author Smith


Author Ricardo


Author Keynes


The authors of these schools all write in a similar manner because
they use the same common phrases or definitions of words like “price,”
“country,” “trade,” and “capital” to describe their ideas.
Additionally, the authors’ emotional expression is well-balanced.
The School of Continental
The school of continental thought holds non-analytical views and is
concerned with the fusion of modernity with history and individuals with
society.
Author Foucault


Author Derrida


Author Deleuze


To illustrate the central idea of the school, Foucault used words
like madness, language, century, and nature. Derrida used words like
meaning, writing, language, and history, while Deleuze used words like
difference, repetition, production, and social. In general all this
authors used different words to replicate same chain of thoughts.
In contrast to Derrida, who employed both negative and positive
sentiment equally, Foucault and Deleuze placed more emphasis on negative
words than on positive words.
The School of Empiricism
The school of empiricism belives that all concepts can be applied to
sense-perceivable phenomena.
Author Locke


Author Hume


Author Berkeley


The authors of this school place more emphasis on the word “idea” to
convey their major point, which is that all conceptions apply to things
that can be experienced or that all morally correct beliefs are
supported by sense perception.
Berkeley represents the same thoughts as Locke while focusing more on
positive words, whereas Locke focuses more on negative phrases.
The School of Feminism
Social, economic, and political equality for women are central
believe in the school of feminism.
Author Wollstonecraft


Author Beauvoir


Author Davis


In the idealogy of feminism, Wollstonecraft and Beauvoir focused on
utilizing words to communicate concepts about the lives, families, and
relationships of women, whereas Davis used terms like ethnicity, race,
and rights in the same context.
Despite the fact that Wollstonecraft and Beauvoir used the same
collection of words to express their ideas, sentiment analysis reveals
that Beauvoir focused on the negative forms of words.
The School of German Idealism
The school of German idealism believes in reality and holds that
truth is the entirety.
Author Kant


Author Fichte


Author Hegel


Each author choose a different word to convey their ideas on reality.
Fichte concentrated on the positive words , whilst Hegel partly
concentrated on the negative words.
The School of Phenomenology
The school of phenomenology believes in analyzing observed phenomena
without prior assumptions to avoid prejudice.
Author Merleau-Ponty


Author Husserl


Author Heidegger


In this school, authors frequently used the word “world” to focus
solely on ideas about worldly phenomena and their logical reasons
Husserl placed greater emphasis on using positive words, while
Heidegger used certain German words to convey his ideas.
The School of Communism
The School of Communism envisions a society without classes.
Author Marx


Author Lenin


Marx utilized a very limited number of words, with the term “labor”
taking precedence over words like production and capital. Lenin’s
writing style is fairly varied; he employed numerous terms to convey his
ideas.
The School of Stoicism
The School of Stoicism believes that virtue is enough to lead a good
life.
Author Epictetus


Author Marcus Aurelius


Different authors at this school have different writing styles. In
contrast to Marcus Aurelius, who wrote in a more abstract way, Epictetus
expressed his ideas through the use of words like power, nature, and
person.
Both authors’ emotional representations of their respective ideas
were very evenly distributed.
Conclusion:
Every author within a school has a different writing style. However,
we do see some patterns amongst the authors of some school. The authors
in the school of capitalism use words that are similar to each other to
express their ideas, whereas the authors in other schools use words that
are completely different to represent the same idea. Some authors also
share some words in common, while others choose to place more emphasis
on a single word, such as “god” in the school of rationalism and “idea”
in the school of empiricism. Some authors utilize words that are
identical, some authors use different words, a few others use fewer
words, and yet others use an evenly distributed range of words to
communicate their ideas.
Analysis shows that authors from the same school use various language
to convey the same concepts. The results of sentiment analysis of the
data reveal that the proportion of emotions utilize by the authors to
describe their views varies.